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AT the end of World War II, Hungary found itself politically and economically attached to the Communist bloc. From the beginning of the 1950s, a system of central planning and management was gradually developed. Companies came into State ownership, co-operative farms were formed and most of the service sector was brought under the control of the State or of cooperatives.
Quantitative growth at all costs became the watchword of industrial production. The development of heavy industry was given priority, energy-intensive technologies spread and raw materials were used with scant regard for economy. Nevertheless, the quantitative growth that occurred between ...