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Rapid HIV testing during labor may cut transmission; women with no prenatal care.(Obstetrics)
HYANNIS, MASS. -- A protocol using expedited enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay testing of women in labor who have not received prenatal care is useful in identifying HIV-1-positive patients, in whom intrapartum antiretroviral therapy can decrease the risk of perinatal transmission, a retrospective study has shown.
During a 1-year period at a New Jersey community hospital, expedited ELISA testing showed that women presenting for delivery who had no prenatal care were nearly four times more likely than those who did have care to test seropositive for HIV-1, Dr. Anthony Al-Khan reported at the annual meeting of the Infectious Diseases Society for Obstetrics and Gynecology.
The findings are consistent with national statistics showing that women who do not receive prenatal care have higher rates of perinatal HIV transmission.
The results emphasize the importance of rapid testing algorithms to determine HIV-1 status in women in labor to reduce the possibility that the undetected virus will be transmitted during delivery, noted Dr. Al-Khan of New Jersey Medical School, Newark.
Between Jan. 20, 2002, and Dec. 31, 2002, expedited ELISA testing was used to determine the HIV-1 status of 56 patients with no history of prenatal care who presented for delivery at Newark's Columbus Hospital.
Test results were reported within 1 hour from the time the blood specimens were drawn.
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Source: HighBeam Research, Rapid HIV testing during labor may cut transmission; women with no...