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Quotas: An era ends, a difficult future begins.

Knight Ridder/Tribune News Service

| December 01, 2004 | Hopkins, Stella M. | COPYRIGHT 2004 McClatchy-Tribune Information Services. This material is published under license from the publisher through the Gale Group, Farmington Hills, Michigan.  All inquiries regarding rights should be directed to the Gale Group. (Hide copyright information)Copyright

Byline: Stella M. Hopkins

CHARLOTTE, N.C. _ Here's the history of quotas and a look at what the industry is doing to protect itself.

How did quotas start?

The U.S. textile industry is an old hand at arguing for trade barriers.

Mills and sewing factories employed more than 2 million U.S. workers when the industry won import restrictions against Japanese textiles in 1957. Industry demands for protection continued as other countries seized on apparel production to create hundreds of thousands of jobs, often for poor, uneducated workers. By the 1990s, the United States had limits, called quotas, on most textile and apparel products from other countries.

Why are quotas ending?

Ten years ago, the United States and dozens of other countries formed the World Trade Organization to set rules for and govern global trade. As part of a wider move to fell trade barriers, WTO members agreed to phase out textile and apparel quotas.

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