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TORONTO -- The use of genital surgery in infants born with intersex genitalia urgently needs to be reevaluated because the surgeries are often inadequate, according to a team of British experts from University College London Hospitals.
"It's always been assumed that these are cosmetically and functionally successful operations, but there are little data to support this. We have seen some patients through our clinic with pretty awful results," Dr. Cathy Minto, a research fellow at the college, said at the annual meeting of the North American Society for Pediatric and Adolescent Gynecology
In a study of 44 teenage girls (mean age 15 years) who had undergone reconstructive genital surgery in childhood because of intersex genitalia, 43 needed further intervention either for functional, or cosmetic purposes. One-quarter of these girls already had undergone more than one genital surgery, and one girl had six prior procedures.
"It's essential that parents and physicians have more information before making these decisions. I would recommend that they consider deferring genital surgery until adolescence. And if surgery is going to be repeated anyway, perhaps they should consider not doing it at all," said Dr. Sarah Creighton, lead author of the study and a gynecologic consultant at the hospital.
A total of 38 of the 44 girls had undergone clitoral surgery to reduce the size of either a large clitoris or a "micropenis" (feminizing surgery), and 39 of the girls had undergone vaginal surgery to enlarge their vaginas either for menstruation or intercourse. Two patients had already attempted intercourse but failed.
After examining the girls' genitalia while they were under general anesthesia, the researchers concluded that 33 of the 44 would require additional major vaginal surgery and 10 others would need dilator therapy to further enlarge their vaginas.
Eight had a good cosmetic result from previous surgery; 18 had a satisfactory result, and another 18 had a poor result.
Source: HighBeam Research, Genital Surgery in Intersex Infants Often Found Inadequate.