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Hybrid PET/CT scanner: Functional imaging boosts breast Ca screening accuracy. (Gynecology).
SAN ANTONIO -- Imporved diagnostic accuracy in breast imaging requires moving beyond anatomic imaging, according to breast imaging experts who spoke at the annual breast cancer symposium sponsored by the San Antonio Cancer Institute.
Anatomic imaging--whether by mammography, ultrasound, CT, or MRI--has been the cornerstone of breast cancer imaging since discovery of the x-ray roughly 100 years ago. Its limitations are increasingly well recognized: Most glaringly, anatomic information isn't all that helpful in characterizing a breast lesion as either benign or malignant. For that purpose, information about tumor form must be supplemented by data on function, the breast imaging experts asserted.
They presented a variety of innovative, high-tech breast imaging methods being developed to couple anatomic with physiologic information. The goal is to overcome the well-known limitations of mammography--high false-positive and false-negative rates, particularly in pre-and perimenopausal women--by developing screening tools that do a better job of detecting lesions in dense breast tissue and distinguishing benign from malignant tumors.
The novel imaging methods are also designed to do a couple of things mammography can't do at all: noninvasively characterize breast cancers as either localized or metastatic, and monitor neoadjuvant therapy to provide a very early indication as to whether it's working.
Only one of these novel methods is now ready for prime-time clinical use: the hybrid positron emission tomography/CT scanner, a commercially available device that provides both physiologic and anatomic images and fuses them together.
Other methods described at the symposium--harmonic magnetic resonance elastography, optical mammography and magnetic resonance spectroscopy--have only been tested in handfuls of patients to date. But early results are highly encouraging, according to developers of the innovative technologies.
The nation's first commercial hybrid PET/CT scanner, a General Electric product, was installed in late 2001 at Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore.
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