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Given that two of the main symptoms are weight gain and fatigue, we're willing to bet that at one time or another thousands of women have diagnosed themselves with an underactive thyroid. But how many of us actually know what the thyroid does, where it's located or what the precise symptoms of a malfunctioning one are?
The thyroid gland, a key component of the metabolism-regulating endocrine system, is located at the base of the throat, and when it's working properly it releases a family of hormones that help cells convert oxygen and calories into energy. When this process is interrupted, problems arise. The two most common conditions, hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism, affect an estimated 15 million Americans. Hypothyroidism, which strikes approximately 9 million women and 2 million men, is by far the more prevalent of the two. It occurs when antibodies begin to attack the thyroid and gradually render it inactive. Many people are walking around undiagnosed because symptoms usually don't appear until the condition becomes acute. With hyperthyroidism, the exact opposite thing happens. Antibodies stimulate the thyroid to grow and secrete excessive amounts of hormones. Although scientists aren't exactly dear as to what causes thyroid conditions, they believe there is a genetic component.
To diagnose either condition, a physician can perform a simple blood test that will measure ...