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In August 1935, after months of rumors, Edward Johnson hired George Balanchine and the American Ballet to take over the Metropolilan Opera's "dance features and divertissements." Johnson, the Met's new general manager, had vowed to revive its Depression-era fortunes by Americanizing the personnel and democratizing the audience. In engaging the company, he said, the Met "was deriving the benefit of needed young blood and a fresh viewpoint."
The American Ballet was definitely a young organization. Dreamed up by Lincoln Kirstein, funded by Edward M. M. Warburg and directed by Balanchine, whose centenary we celebrate this year, the company was barely six months old. ...