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Q. We have heard that some minerals and vitamins need to be taken at a different time than others so they do not interact with each other. Could you elaborate on this?
A. Following is an update of interactions among minerals and vitamins. For instances in which one nutrient affects the body's absorption of another, it may be a good idea to take them at different times, when practical. The effects of drinking coffee and smoking also are included because they are so prevalent.
Calcium: Calcium may decrease the absorption of iron, zinc and magnesium, though this effect may not be significant. Dairy foods, due to their high phosphorus content, may reduce calcium absorption.
High caffeine intake (eg., coffee) increases calcium loss, which could promote bone loss and osteoporosis.
Iron: The form of iron present in plant-based foods may decrease zinc absorption. However, the presence of proteins in a meal promotes zinc absorption and can counteract this interaction. Iron also may decrease the absorption of calcium, copper and manganese.
In infants, high iron intake may interfere with copper absorption. Coffee inhibits iron absorption.
Zinc: Zinc may impair copper absorption, in some cases causing copper deficiency. This is the reason that some zinc supplements also contain copper.