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Genetics differences affect responses to medications.(Clinical Rounds)
SAN FRANCISCO -- A new report on health care for Hispanic Americans highlights some genetic differences in responses to medications and alerts physicians to disparities in the delivery of care.
"Genes, Culture, and Medicines: Bridging Gaps in Treatment for Hispanic Americans" presents evidence that Hispanics are less likely to get or use medications for pain, asthma, cardiovascular disease, HIV or AIDS, or mental illness, as well as prescription medications in general, Dr. Carolina Reyes said at a joint conference of the American Society on Aging and the National Council on the Aging.
Genetic variations in some Hispanic subgroups can affect drug metabolism and may result in higher or lower blood levels of drugs than would be expected from normal doses, said Dr. Reyes, a coauthor of the report produced jointly by the National Pharmaceutical Council and the National Alliance for Hispanic Health. She practices as an ob.gyn. at Cedars-Sinai Medical Center and the University of California, Los Angeles.
Advances in pharmacogenetics eventually will allow patients and physicians to profile the genetic makeup of individuals to help guide dosage decisions. Until then, racial differences act as a rough marker for individual differences in drug metabolism, added Richard Levy, Ph.D., of the National Pharmaceutical Council, and a coauthor of the report.
Genome-based therapy should enter the medical market by 2010 and will be the standard of care by 2020, he predicted. Over 100 gene-based cancer drugs are in development. Several pharmacogenomic tests to predict a patient's response to therapy should be available sooner, he said.
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