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Lifetime drinking history linked to breast cancer risk; one to two drinks a day.(News)
WASHINGTON -- Lifetime consumption of alcohol averaging approximately one to two drinks per day was associated with a 40% increase in breast cancer risk in women and was particularly strong among those with a body mass index of less than 25 and a gene for fast metabolism of alcohol.
That finding emerged from a study of more than 2,000 women presented by Dr. Mary Beth Terry at the annual meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research.
Alcohol is the only dietary factor consistently associated with breast cancer risk and one of the few modifiable risk factors for the disease, said Dr. Terry, an epidemiologist at Columbia University in New York.
The researchers analyzed specific subgroups of women with various genetic susceptibilities in alcohol-metabolizing genes. Such gene-environment interaction studies can give added support for the association between alcohol and breast cancer suggested by previous research, she noted.
She and her colleagues looked specifically at alcohol dehydrogenase, an enzyme that oxidizes alcohol. Approximately 80% of ethanol is oxidized through alcohol dehydrogenase into acetaldehyde, a carcinogen. The researchers examined whether subjects were fast or slow metabolizers of alcohol based on whether they had a polymorphism in the alcohol dehydrogenase 3 (ADH 3) gene, which has been linked with a fast metabolism.
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Source: HighBeam Research, Lifetime drinking history linked to breast cancer risk; one to two...