AccessMyLibrary provides FREE access to over 30 million articles from top publications available through your library.

Achieving effective cervical screening coverage in South Africa through human resources and health systems development.(Clinical report)

Reproductive Health Matters

| November 01, 2008 | Kawonga, Mary; Fonn, Sharon | COPYRIGHT 2008 Reproductive Health Matters. This material is published under license from the publisher through the Gale Group, Farmington Hills, Michigan.  All inquiries regarding rights should be directed to the Gale Group. (Hide copyright information)Copyright

Abstract: South Africa's cervical screening policy recommends three free Pap smears at ten-year intervals for all women over 30 years of age, aiming to achieve 70% coverage by 2010 by targeting the age group most at risk of developing pre-cancerous cervical lesions. Attaining wide coverage requires an adequate supply of motivated and supported public sector health workers with appropriate training and skills, working in a functional health system. Given the dearth of doctors in South Africa, professional nurses were tasked with performing the bulk of Pap smears at primary care level Coverage remains sub-optimal and a significant proportion of women with precursor lesions do not receive treatment. Further, health system strengthening--essential for cytology-based screening--has not happened. Research to evaluate alternative screening technologies has proliferated in recent years, but regrettably, strengthening of the health system required to make the new technology work has not received similar attention. Using the South African experience, this article argues that technological interventions and innovations alone are not sufficient to improve cervical screening programmes. Task-shifting is limited unless other human resource concerns (e.g. training, increasing demands on personnel, attrition, and skills mix) are concurrently addressed within a comprehensive workforce development strategy, alongside work to make the health care delivery system functional.

Resume

La politique sud--africaine de depistage du cancer du col de l'uterus recommande trois frottis gratuits dix ans d'intervalle pour toutes les femmes agees de plus de 30 ans, afin d'atteindre une couverture de 70% d'ici 2010 en ciblant le groupe d'age le plus a risque de developper des lesions precancereuses. Parvenir a une large couverture necessite des soignants du secteur public motives et soutenus, dotes de competences adaptees, travaillant dans un systeme de sante fonctionnel. Compte tenu du manque de medecins en Afrique du Sud, les infirmieres ont ete chargees de realiser l'essentiel des frottis au niveau primaire. La couverture demeure sous-optimale et une proportion notable de femmes avec des lesions precurseurs ne sont pas soignees. De plus, le renforcement du systeme de sante, essentiel pour le depistage cytologique, ne s'est pas produit. Les evaluations d'autres technologies de depistage se sont multipliees ces dernieres annees, mais malheureusement, le renforcement du systeme sanitaire requis pour utiliser la nouvelle technologie n'a pas recu une attention similaire. Se fondant sur l'experience sudafricaine, cet article avance que les interventions et les innovations technologiques ne suffisent pas a ameliorer les programmes de depistage. La delegation des taches est limitee, a moins que d'autres problemes des ressources humaines [par exemple la formation, la charge accrue de travail, l'usure et le dosage des competences) ne soient abordes en meme temps dans une strategie globale de developpement de la main-d'oeuvre, parallelement a des activites pour rendre fonctionnel le systeme de soins de sante.

Resumen

En Sudafrica, la politica de tamizaje cervical recomienda tres pruebas gratis de Papanicolaou a intervalos de diez anos para todas las mujeres mayores de 30 anos de edad, con el objetivo de lograr el 70% de cobertura para el 2010 al dirigirse al grupo etario con mayor riesgo de presentar lesiones cervicales pre-cancerosas. Para lograr una amplia cobertura se necesita un suministro adecuado de trabajadores de salud motivados y apoyados en el sector publico, con capacitacion y aptitudes necesarias, que trabajen en un sistema de salud funcional. Debido a la escasez de medicos en Sudafrica, las enfermeras profesionales efectuan la mayoria de las pruebas de Papanicolaou en el primer nivel de atencion. La cobertura sigue siendo sub-optima y una considerable proporcion de mujeres con lesiones precursoras no reciben tratamiento. Ademas, aun no se ha fortalecido el sistema de salud, lo cual es esencial para el tamizaje basado en citologia. En los ultimos anos han proliferado las investigaciones para evaluar otras tecnologias de tamizaje; lamentablemente, no se ha dado la misma atencion al fortalecimiento del sistema de salud fundamental para lograr que funcione la nueva tecnologia. Usando la experiencia de Sudafrica, este articulo argumenta que las intervenciones e innovaciones tecnologicas por si solas no son suficientes para mejorar los programas de tamizaje cervical. La reasignacion de tareas es limitada, a menos que otros problemas de recursos humanos (p.ej. capacitacion, aumento de exigencias del personal, rotacion del personal y una mezcla de aptitudes) sean tratados simultaneamente en una estrategia integral de desarrollo del personal, junto con trabajo para lograr un sistema de salud funcional.

Keywords: cervical screening and cancer, coverage, health systems, human resources, task shifting, South Africa

**********

Related articles from newspapers, magazines, journals, and more
Cervical screening age:experts to review evidence.
Press release article from: M2 Presswire March 13, 2009 700+ words
...13 March 2009-UK Government: Cervical screening age:experts to review evidence...Minister Ann Keen announced today. Cervical screening currently starts at age 25 years...independent Advisory Committee on Cervical Screening (ACCS). The Health Minister has...
The tragic case of cervical screening
Newspaper article from: Sunday Star-Times CONEY, Sandra August 18, 1996 700+ words
...programmes such as breast screening and cervical screening. Immunisation has long been left...accountable. What has happened with cervical screening is a tragic example of the consequences...co-ordination functions of the cervical screening programme but after protests from...
Wealth and ethnicity linked to breast and cervical screening.(CLINICAL...
Magazine article from: Community Practitioner August 1, 2009 700+ words
...Inequalities in reported use of breast and cervical screening in Great Britain: analysis of cross...significantly more likely to have had a cervical screening than those from other ethnic backgrounds...have had a mammogram. Breast and cervical screening have been shown to reduce ...
Wealth and ethnicity linked to breast and cervical screening
Magazine article from: Community Practitioner Thompson, June August 1, 2009 700+ words
...Inequalities in reported use of breast and cervical screening in Great Britain: analysis of cross...significantly more likely to have had a cervical screening than those from other ethnic backgrounds...have had a mammogram. Breast and cervical screening have been shown to reduce ...
Cervical screening especially important for women in their 20s and 30s.
Press release article from: M2 Presswire June 22, 2007 700+ words
...PRESSWIRE-22 June 2007-AIHW: Cervical screening especially important for women in...22062007 In 1991, when the National Cervical Screening Program began, there were 1,091...218 deaths in 2004. A new report, Cervical screening in Australia 2004-2005, released...
Scotland Selects Cytyc's ThinPrep Pap Test as Exclusive New Cervical Screening...
Press release article from: Business Wire March 4, 2003 700+ words
...announced today that the Scottish Cervical Screening Programme has selected the ThinPrep...technology for total conversion of all cervical screening centers in Scotland. The contract...to procure the new liquid-based cervical screening technology. In March 2002, the...
Cervical screening rates up again.
Press release article from: M2 Presswire April 2, 2009 700+ words
...April 2009-Australian Government: Cervical screening rates up again(C)1994-2009...number of women taking advantage of cervical screening is up again, according to a report...program compares well to international cervical screening programs,' Dr Budd said. According...
Cervical screening to change
Newspaper article from: The Independent - London CELIA HALL, Medical Editor January 27, 1994 700+ words
...BRITAIN'S "piecemeal" cervical screening programme is to be reorganised...first. His statements on cervical screening follow several incidents...quality and management of cervical screening and to iron out variations...
For more facts and information, see all results

Source: HighBeam Research, Achieving effective cervical screening coverage in South Africa...

©2009 Gale, a part of Cengage Learning. All rights reserved.
About us | FAQs | Contact us | Privacy policy | Terms and conditions
Other Gale sites: Encyclopedia.com | HighBeam Research | Acquire Content | Books & Authors | Goliath | MovieRetriever | Smart QandA