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Metabolic syndrome hikes risk of symptomatic PAD.(News)(Clinical report)
New Orleans -- Women with metabolic syndrome have an increased risk of developing symptomatic peripheral artery disease, mediated mainly by the syndrome's associated inflammation and endothelial activation, according to a prospective study of more than 27,000 women.
"The bottom line is if you account for the inflammation associated with the metabolic syndrome, there is no residual risk associated with the syndrome itself," Dr. Aruna D. Pradhan said at the annual scientific sessions of the American Heart Association.
She reported on 27, 111 middle-aged female health professionals free of known cardiovascular disease when they enrolled in the Women's Health Study. At entry, one-quarter met criteria for the metabolic syndrome. At that time 28% of those with metabolic syndrome had diabetes, as did 1.8% of the others.
During a median 13.3 years of prospective follow-up, 114 women developed symptomatic peripheral artery disease (PAD). In an unadjusted first-pass analyis, women with metabolic syndrome at baseline were 62% more likely to go on to develop PAD. And for each additional metabolic syndrome-defining risk factor present beyond the requisite minimum three out of five, the risk of PAD increased by 26%.
However, women with metabolic syndrome also were slightly older, less likely to exercise, more likely to smoke, and had a higher body mass index in addition to their much greater prevalence of diabetes. Upon adjustment for these factors in a Cox multivariate proportional hazards analysis, the presence of the metabolic syndrome remained a significant risk factor for PAD. Indeed, women with metabolic syndrome had an adjusted 48% greater ...
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