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The Tang dynasty (618-907) was a period of prosperity in China noted for social, economic, and cultural developments. With its capital city, Chang'an (now called Xi'an), located at the eastern end of the Silk Route, the country formed the land link between the Far East and the Mediterranean.
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And, indeed, the dynasty flourished because of its openness to foreign ideas and influences, such as Buddhism, which arrived from India in the first century, and Islamic decorative techniques, which were incorporated into Chinese arts. Foreigners were welcome residents, further contributing to the cosmopolitan nature of both the society and the culture it fostered. At the height of the Tang dynasty, in the eighth century, Chang'an was the world's largest city with a ...