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It is known informally as "the award no one wants" because it is earned through pain and suffering, sometimes death. It is also the award everybody respects and is highly prized by all who receive it. It honors what novelist Stephen Crane called the red badge of courage: blood from a wound inflicted by an enemy in military combat.
More formally, it is called the Purple Heart, a U.S. military award given in the name of the president by the Department of Defense "to any member of an Armed Force who, while serving with the U.S. Armed Services after 5 April 1917, has been wounded or killed, or who has died or may hereafter die after ...