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Life balance is a goal for most people, so why is it so hard to find? For answers, read the new book by Dr. Robert W. Drago, Striking a Balance: Work, Family, Life (Dollars & Sense 2007, paperback $18.95). He relates lack of balance to gaps in our social fabric, which result from deep-rooted and damaging norms. Band-Aid solutions to imbalance backfire when they leave the norms intact.
When his college daughter had to choose between her part-time jobs, she quit work in a childcare center because her other job--walking a dog--paid $2/hour more. Her predicament highlights three critical social gaps:
* Care gap. As of 2002, only 21% of American children lived with a homemaker mother and a breadwinner father. Childcare was an issue for most of the rest: 23% lived with single mothers, 5% with single fathers and 43% with two parents who both worked for pay. Childcare costs so much that many children are left to tend themselves, but childcare workers earn less than a dog-walker.
Factoring in adults with serious disabilities and the elderly disabled, Drago estimates 35% of all Americans need care, nearly half of them living in poverty. Closing facilities and slashing Medicaid increases the gap between those getting quality care and those who need but don't get it.
* Gender gap. This used to refer to the difference between women's and men's hourly pay. While that gap has narrowed a bit, the gap between high-income and low-income women has widened. Some have moved into demanding careers once reserved for men, earning more than their grandmothers could dream of and paying others to walk the dog and care for the children.
For the majority not in a profession or management, women's work typically consists of providing low-paid or unpaid care: parenting, eldercare, or caring for others' children or disabled adults. Regardless of income, women do the majority of unpaid family care.
Mothers pay a wage penalty, earning less per hour than women who do not have children. In fact, the wage gap between mothers and women without children is now larger than that between women and men.