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Higher rate of major birth defects seen in ART infants: retrospective cohort study: attributed to parents' underlying infertility.(News)
SAN ANTONIO -- Babies born as a result of assisted reproductive technologies had a significantly higher rate of major birth defects compared with children conceived naturally, according to a large, retrospective cohort study.
But the rate of birth defects was increased across various fertility treatments, including intrauterine insemination (IUI), suggesting that the increase may be a result of the parents' underlying infertility rather than a result of procedures used to treat it, study investigator Dr. Christine Olson said at the annual meeting of the American Society for Reproductive Medicine.
With the growing popularity of high-tech assisted reproduction techniques such as in vitro fertilization (IVF), intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI), and zygote intrafallopian transfer (ZIFT), as well as the ovarian stimulation and gamete and embryo freezing protocols that go along with them, there has been much speculation that children born as a result of these procedures might be at higher risk for abnormalities.
Most studies of this population, however, have been reassuring, Dr. Olson of the University of Iowa, Iowa City, and her associates said in a poster presentation.
Her retrospective cohort study compared 1,466 children conceived through assisted reproductive technologies (ART), including IVF, ZIFT, and ICSI: 299 children conceived through IUI; and 8,289 children conceived naturally between 1989 and 2002.
"We tried to match controls to our cases so that we had a similar population, because that had been one criticism of the Hansen study," Dr. Olson said in an interview, referring to a smaller study published last year that found a doubling of birth defects among ART children (N. Engl. J. Med. 346[10]:725-30, 2002).
The control group in Dr. Olson's study was matched for maternal age, multiple or singleton pregnancy, year of the child's birth (plus or minus 2 years), and race.
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