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Three hundred years ago, Peter I (the Great) and his military forces sought refuge at a swampy site in the delta of the Neva River in Russia. At war with Sweden, he needed a stronghold on the Gulf of Finland in the Baltic Sea from which to attack enemy trading ports, and this location perfectly suited his needs. Named Saint Petersburg, the spot soon became much more than a citadel. It developed into a fulfillment of Peter's vision of transforming his country from being a sleepy medieval backwater into a significant force in modern Europe.
By 1714 Peter was sufficiently convinced of the site's potential that he ordered all building projects in his vast lands halted in order to free up the thousands of workmen eventually required to erect this beautiful city. It did not take long for Saint Petersburg to replace Moscow as Peter's military and political capitol and a leading center for commerce, trade, and the arts. An exhibition that charts the course of this fascinating city is on view at the New York Public Library in New York City from October 3 through January 31, 2004. Entitled Russia Engages the World, 1453-1825, the exhibits are almost exclusively drawn from the substantial holdings of the library. There are more than two hundred objects on view including books, manuscripts, and works on paper.
Peter was responsible for building some of the city's most important and beautiful buildings: the Winter Palace (now the State Hermitage Museum), the Admiralty, and several structures in Peterhof (Petrodvorets) ...