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Henry Solomon Wellcome was born in 1853 in Wisconsin into a poor family. From his earliest years he was fascinated by science, particularly medicine. This interest caused him to travel all over the world collecting artifacts, instruments, and books. He established a clinic and laboratories in the Sudan and became a pioneer of tropical medicine.
Wellcome never qualified as a doctor but founded a pharmaceutical company that still bears his name. He amassed a fortune, which allowed him to indulge his other great interest--archaeology--by sponsoring explorations in the Sudan and the Middle East. In his later years he settled in Britain, becoming a subject and receiving a knighthood. Unusually for someone without a medical degree, he was made an honorary Fellow of the Royal College of Surgeons in London. The Wellcome Trust, which was founded after his death in 1936, ...