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Ever since the first person showed a friend how to clap their hands or beat on a rock in rhythm, teachers have expected their students to practice. Most teachers think the main goal of every lesson is to prepare the student to practice until his or her next lesson. But how do our expectations as teachers compare to what really is going on during the student's practice time? In a study titled "Practice Expectations and Attitudes: A Survey of College-Level Music Teachers and Students," (1) Marilyn Kostka surveyed 134 undergraduate and graduate music majors and 127 studio teachers at various colleges and universities. The survey consisted of the following questions, with the student-adapted questions in italics.
* What is your specific instrument or vocal part?
* How many years have you taught private lessons? (How many years have you studied your major instrument?)
* In general, which of the following skills do you feel are most and least important in your students' (your) practice? Please rank them in order from 1 (most valuable) to 5 (least valuable).
a. technique
b. musicality
c. sight-reading ability