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Current or past use of oral contraceptives did not significantly increase breast cancer risk in a large population-based case-control study.
That finding, along with those of previous studies, provides "further reassurance that OC use, even for a long period," is not linked to breast cancer risk, Dr. Nancy E. Davidson and Dr. Kathy J. Helzlsouer of Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, said in an editorial accompanying the study (N. Engl. J. Med., 346[26]:2078-79, 2002).
Investigators in the Women's Contraceptive and Reproductive Experiences (CARE) study interviewed 4,575 women with breast cancer and 4,682 control women without the disease. The study participants, aged 35-64 years, were interviewed multiple times between 1994 and 1998--some 30 years after oral contraceptives were introduced in the United States and long enough for breast cancers to start appearing in the study cohort.
Compared with women who never used OCs, current users had the same risk of developing breast cancer (odds ratio of 1.0), and previous users had a slightly lower risk (odds ratio of 0.9). Risk did not increase with duration of use or estrogen dosage, reported Polly A. Marchibanks, Ph.D., of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, and her associates (N. Engl. J. Med. 346[26]:2025-32, 2002).
More than 2,500 participants in the study had started using OCs before age 20; their risk for breast cancer was similar to that of women who started OCs later in life, she said.
Older women--aged 45-64 years--had a small but significant decrease in their relative risk for breast cancer if they had ever used OCs.
Overall, 35% of participants in the current study were black and the rest were white; OC use did ...