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Online education is growing at a phenomenal rate. The Internet as a delivery source, with courses accessible to students anywhere and anytime, makes lifelong learning a reality for many. But online learning isn't for everyone.
Using an online accounting course, I sought to learn what personal characteristics and other factors help students succeed, and what theories support them.
Relevant theories
Three different but related theories are relevant.
* Andragogy is the art and science of helping adults learn. Malcolm S. Knowles, considered the father of adult education, was one of its strongest advocates, which he introduced in his 1970 book The Modern Practice of Adult Education: Andragogy versus Pedagogy. While pedagogy is about teaching children, andragogy is about adult learning. It theorizes that the adult learners need to be active participants in their own learning.
Knowles premised four basic assumptions about the characteristics of successful adult learners: (1) self-concept, (2) experience, (3) readiness to learn, (4) orientations to learning, which means that adults are basically problem/task oriented. In 1984 he added (5) self-motivation.
* Intentional Learning/Self-Regulated Learning, which is in the spirit of the andragogical paradigm, was recommended by the Accounting Education Change Commission (AECC, 1990). The AECC maintained that educators must prepare graduates to become accounting professionals by equipping students with lifelong learning skills.