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Women infected with human papillomavirus, who are already at increased risk of cervical cancer, may see their risk rise even more after long-term use of oral contraceptives or a high number of term pregnancies, two studies have shown.
The findings may prompt more frequent cervical cancer screening for women with human papillomavirus (HPV) who are multiparous or long-term oral contraceptive users, the researchers said.
In one study Dr. Victor Moreno of the Catalan Institute of Oncology, Barcelona, Spain, and his associates pooled trial data from eight case-control studies of 1,931 patients in eight countries who tested positive for HPV DNA (Lancet 359[9312]:1085-92, 2002).
Among women who tested positive for HPV, those who had used oral contraceptives were 1.42 times more likely than those who had never used them to develop invasive squamous cervical cancer and cervical carcinoma in situ.
Moreover, those who had used OCs for at least 5 years were 3.42 times more likely to develop cervical neoplasia than those who had never used OCs.
In a second study by other investigators, the risk of cervical cancer also rose significantly as parity increased and age of ...