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Many homeowners are perfectly reliable when it comes to paying their insurance and tax bills on their own. But if you've made a loan worth upwards of 80% of the home's value, there's a lot at stake in making sure those payments get made.
As a result, most lenders require the mortgage servicer to make those payments, at least in cases of high loan-to-value ratio loans and in some cases for all loans.
That helps to protect the collateral. If a natural disaster or fire occurs, the lender can rest assured that insurance is in place, even if the lender had to "force-place" that insurance. The lender doesn't have to worry about a municipality seizing ownership of the collateral for back payment of taxes. That allows mortgage investors to rest a little easier.
But it also means that mortgage servicers have more work on their hands, and more to worry about. Historically, escrow accounts have been a source of litigation risk for lenders. While most of the attention on reform of real estate settlement laws lately has focused on loan origination issues, the same federal settlement law, known as RESPA, that prohibits kickbacks also provides parameters for managing loan escrow ...