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St. Petersburg was a bog on the Gulf of Finland until, in 1703, Peter the Great decided to transform it into an imperial capital, and conscripted more than seven hundred thousand Russian subjects to clear the forests, level the hills, drain the swamps, and dig canals. The city's emblem is the Bronze Horseman, an eerie statue of Peter astride a rearing steed, apparently about to leap off a cliff and into the Neva. A century after Peter's death, the statue inspired Alexander Pushkin's "The Bronze Horseman," a poem that dramatizes the great flood of 1824 as the revenge of "the elements" against the Tsar and his city. That's the myth of St. Petersburg in a nutshell: Peter, ...