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For women who carry the BRCA1 or BRCA2 genetic mutations, adding MRI screening to mammography screening for breast cancer can be cost effective even though MRI is so expensive, according to Sylvia K. Plevritis, Ph.D., of Stanford (Calif.) University and her associates.
Breast MRI screening is "at least 10 times more expensive than mammographic screening."
It also produces more false-positive results, which generate further costs for unneeded diagnostic workups.
"Because cost may be the greatest barrier to broader evaluation and dissemination of breast MRI screening, its cost-effectiveness is a critical consideration," the investigators noted.
Currently there are no randomized clinical trials examining the cost-effectiveness of MRI screening for women at high risk of breast cancer.
And even if such a trial were initiated today, "mortality outcomes would not be available for at least 15 years," Dr. Plevritis and her associates noted (J. Am. Med. Assoc. 2006;295:2374-84).
They estimated the cost-effectiveness of adding breast MRI screening to mammographic screening in women carrying BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations using a computer simulation model that incorporated health benefits as well as expenses.