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Placental compensation may affect fetal growth.(Obstetrics)
QUEBEC CITY -- Placental compensation may influence fetal growth in women with gestational hypertension, according to research presented at the annual meeting of the Society of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists of Canada.
"Pregnancies complicated by gestational hypertension and to a greater extent preeclampsia had significantly lower birth weight/placental weight ratios, compared with the controls at 38 and 39 weeks," said Rebecca Cash, M.D., a resident in obstetrics and gynecology at the University of Toronto.
In the retrospective cohort study, Dr. Cash and her associates analyzed information on 12,422 term pregnancies (37-41 weeks) using data from the St. Joseph's Health Care, London perinatal database on births from Nov. 1, 1995 to November 1999. Singleton pregnancies complicated by gestational hypertension (1,084 cases), preeclampsia (144), or chronic hypertension (129) were compared with pregnancies in normotensive controls (11,065).
At 38 weeks, women with preeclampsia had significantly smaller babies than did controls (3,350 g vs. 3,520 g), whereas there was no significant difference in birth weight in infants born to women with gestational hypertension and controls.
"In preeclampsia, the reduction in the ratio indicates that the fetus is undergrown in relation to placental size, suggesting functional placental impairment," Dr. Cash said.
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