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Fans were popular accessories in Europe from the late sixteenth century when they were introduced from China. In 1793 several were listed among the gifts from the emperor of China to George III. In addition to keeping the bearer cool on hot days they were useful tools for flirtation. As was written on one fan, "I cool, I refresh, and I can keep secrets."
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Initially possessions of the upper classes, fans were often made of precious materials, including ivory, silk, and lace. During the seventeenth century decoration became important, and the themes depicted often mirrored a fan's role in romance. They were also popular vehicles for the talents of professional and amateur artists. By the eighteenth century fans could be more cheaply produced ...