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Successful innovations in domestic oil lighting, 1784-1859.(Cover Story)
Primitive lamps, which relied on capillary action to deliver oil or melted fat up a wick to the flame, were improved only marginally in form and material over many centuries. Of the oils available prior to breakthroughs in fuel technology in the nineteenth century, those most commonly used to burn for light were the nonvolatile ones. However, these animal- and plant-derived oils, such as colza, olive, and spermaceti, were generally of such weight and viscosity that they would travel only one to two inches up a wick. The light that existing oil lamps produced could be both dim and smoky. Thomas Webster and Frances Byerly Parkes, popular domestic economists of the nineteenth ...
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Source: HighBeam Research, Successful innovations in domestic oil lighting, 1784-1859.(Cover...