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The invention of photography in 1839 coincided with a surge of interest in scientific examination and classification. The new tool made possible the study of the human face and the human skull (phrenology being but one system of supposedly divining a person's character by fingering the bumps on his head).
An exhibition on view at the National Portrait Gallery in London until October 7 explores these themes. Entitled The Beautiful and the Damned: The Creation of Identity in 19th Century Photography, it includes portraits of the rich and famous, criminals, the insane, and ordinary people.
For the rich and famous, a carte de visite with a dignified photograph of its owner became a necessary social tool. Among those who used them were the scientist Michael Farady, the writers Charles Dickens and Wilkie Collins, politicians such as Benjamin Disraeli, and performers ...
Source: HighBeam Research, Photography and the human condition.(various photographers, National...