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2003 MAR 13 - (NewsRx.com & NewsRx.net) -- Women with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) have a higher risk of heart attack compared with those without arthritis, according to a new study.
The findings demonstrate that RA should be a recognized marker for increased risk of a heart attack, said Daniel H. Solomon, MD, MPH, assistant professor of medicine in the divisions of pharmacoepidemiology and rheumatology, immunology, and allergy at Brigham and Women's Hospital in Boston.
"It would be prudent to consider aggressive cardiac preventive measures in patients with RA to address coronary heart disease risk factors," he said in the February 18, 2003, rapid-access issue of Circulation.
Researchers encourage further examination of whether early treatment of RA with disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs may reduce the risk of heart attack.
RA is the most common autoimmune disease. It affects about 2.1 million Americans, 1.5 million of whom are women. One of the most common forms of arthritis, it's characterized by inflammation of the lining of joints and other internal organs, resulting in pain, stiffness, swelling, and loss of movement.
Several studies have made links between RA and increased rates of heart disease because inflammation - a key component of arthritis - is thought to contribute to fatty buildup in the blood vessels, one of the known causes of a heart attack. Abnormal T-cells - important cells that modulate inflammation - and elevated inflammatory markers like C-reactive protein (CRP) are found in both conditions.
The relationship was studied by using the database from the Nurses' Health Study - a prospective community-based study of 121,700 women. The nurses were between ages 30-55 years when they completed the baseline health and lifestyle questionnaire in 1976. These women are sent questionnaires every 2 years to update their personal information. The current study gathered data through 1996 and excluded women who reported RA, cardiovascular disease and cancer at baseline.