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DNA vaccine elicits humoral and cellular immune responses in lymphoma patients.
2003 JAN 8 - (NewsRx.com & NewsRx.net) -- by Maria G. Essig, MS, ELS, senior medical writer - A vaccine containing DNA encoding tumor immunoglobulin from patients with follicular B-cell lymphoma was shown to be safe and immunogenic in phase I/II clinical trials.
"B-cell lymphomas express tumor-specific immunoglobulin, the variable regions of which [idiotype (Id)] can serve as a target for active immunotherapy," said John M. Timmerman and colleagues at Stanford University Medical School and Vical Corporation in California. "Promising results have been obtained in clinical studies of Id vaccination using Id proteins. However, Id protein is laborious and time-consuming to produce. DNA vaccination is an attractive alternative for delivering Id vaccines, because Id DNA can be rapidly isolated by PCR techniques."
The investigators formulated a vaccine with DNA encoding variable heavy and light chain immunoglobulin sequences from patients' tumors, conjugated to IgG2a and kappa mouse immunoglobulin (MsIg) heavy-chain and light-chain constant portions, respectively.
Twelve lymphoma patients who were in remission after undergoing chemotherapy received 3 monthly intramuscular injections of the vaccine at doses of 200, 600, or 1800 micrograms (four patients per dosage regimen).
Immune responses specific to the MsIg segment of the vaccine were detected in seven of the patients, antibody responses in four and cellular (T cell) immune responses in four. One patients also had an autologous Id-specific T cell response. However, none of the patients had a measurable specific anti-Id antibody response.
The patients then received 1800-microgram intramuscular and intradermal inoculations of the vaccine using a needle-free device. The number of patients who responded to this second vaccination was greater, with a total of nine patients having either an anti-MsIg antibody (n=6) and/or cellular (n=4) immune response. Specific anti-Id humoral and/or T cell responses were detected in half the patients, which were cross-reactive with Id ...
- DNA vaccine elicits humoral and cellular immune responses in lymphoma patients.
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Source: HighBeam Research, DNA vaccine elicits humoral and cellular immune responses in lymphoma...