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New HIV vaccine holds promise of global effectiveness.
2002 DEC 11 - (NewsRx.com & NewsRx.net) -- Clinical tests have begun of a novel vaccine directed at the three most globally important HIV subtypes, or clades.
Developed by scientists at the Dale and Betty Bumpers Vaccine Research Center (VRC), part of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), the vaccine incorporates HIV genetic material from clades A, B and C, which cause about 90% of all HIV infections around the world.
"This is the first multigene, multiclade HIV vaccine to enter human trials," noted NIAID Director Anthony S. Fauci, MD. "It marks an important milestone in our search for a single vaccine that targets U.S. subtypes of HIV as well as clades causing the global epidemic," he added.
"This trial begins a process that we hope will culminate in a globally effective HIV vaccine," said Gary Nabel, MD, PhD, who heads the VRC. "The first step is to develop a multiclade vaccine. If our candidate elicits an effective immune response and proves safe in clinical testing, we will include additional components in subsequent trials in hopes of boosting this response. Ultimately, we aim to build a potent vaccine designed to prevent HIV infection."
The trial vaccine is a DNA vaccine, a kind shown to be very safe in previous clinical trials. It incorporates parts of four HIV genes. Three of these vaccine components are modified versions of HIV genes called gag, pol and nef taken from clade B, the subtype that predominates in Europe and North America. The fourth vaccine component is derived from an HIV gene named env.
The env gene codes for a protein on the outer coat of the virus that allows it to recognize and attach to human cells. VRC scientists are the first to combine modified env from clades A and C, which are the most common in Africa, as well as from clade B. A single vaccine combining multiple env components from different HIV subtypes could, in theory, be effective in many places in the world.
While these gene fragments can stimulate an immune response, they cannot reconstitute themselves into an ...
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Source: HighBeam Research, New HIV vaccine holds promise of global effectiveness.