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Disease on its way to global eradication.(polio)(Brief Article)
2002 MAY 22 - (NewsRx.com & NewsRx.net) -- With a sense of a mission accomplished, in September 1994 the Pan American Health Organization (PAHO) announced that polio had been eradicated from the Americas, bringing to an end a saga of thousands of deaths and disabilities caused annually by this disease. Today a global effort is under way to put an end to the disease by 2005.
In 1994, the International Commission for the Certification of the Polio Eradication (ICCPE) declared that the transmission of wild poliovirus had been interrupted in the Americas. But the beginning of the end for polio arrived on May 14, 1985, when the then director of PAHO, Dr. Carlyle Guerra de Macedo declared, "The time has come for us to say that is unacceptable that any child in the Americas suffers from polio."
With that declaration, PAHO initiated a campaign to eradicate the transmission of poliomyelitis in the Americas by the end of 1990, despite immense technical, logistical, administrative and financial obstacles. At the heart of this effort was PAHO's close collaboration with Rotary International, the Agency for International Development of the United States, the Inter-American Development Bank, and the Canadian Public Health Association.
A boy named Luis Fermin Tenorio Cortez was the last case of polio in the Americas, detected in August 1991, in Junin, Peru. The child, who recovered from the disease, currently attends school in Lima, walks, and plays soccer with a brace on his leg.
"Polio eradication was a complex process, because there are two polioviruses, the vaccine against polio is not stable in heat and a minimum of three doses are required for effective protection. Against smallpox, for example, only one dose was needed. Furthermore, this vaccine has an effectiveness between 85% and 95%", explained Dr. Ciro de Quadros, director of the division of vaccines and immunization at PAHO.
With only 537 polio cases reported globally in 2001, efforts to eradicate the disease have driven the incidence of polio to its lowest point in ...
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Source: HighBeam Research, Disease on its way to global eradication.(polio)(Brief Article)