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High efficiency of the carbon dioxide heat pump water heater.(Brief Article)
The Ministry of Economy Trade & Industry, through it's Energy Efficiency & Conservation Division of the Agency of Natural Resources and Energy, is paying great attention to the development and potentially widespread use of a carbon dioxide heat pump water heater, whose great merit is energy conservation.
In Japan, about 30% of all energy used in the home relates to heating water, and over 90% of all household heaters heat the water by burning fuel. Very little progress has been made in improving the fuel conservation of these conventional types of heaters, thus there is great interest in the carbon dioxide heat pump water heater.
The carbon dioxide heat pump water heater functions on the same principle as the heat pump in an air conditioner, except that the water heater uses carbon dioxide gas as the refrigerant for the transmission of heat between the air and the water.
A compressor is combined with a heat exchanger to pull heat from the ambient atmosphere and apply it to the heating of water.
The refrigerant is compressed in the compressor and held at a high pressure and high temperature. The heat contained in the refrigerant is then transferred to the water through a heat exchanger. The refrigerant then passes through an expansion valve which liquidises the refrigerant by lowering it's pressure and temperature. it then travels onto another heat exchanger where it absorbs heat from the air, vaporises, and is sent back once more through the compressor.
The repetition of the cycle results in the heating of the water to a high temperature.
Carbon dioxide as the refrigerant has the following advantages over conventional refrigerants.
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Source: HighBeam Research, High efficiency of the carbon dioxide heat pump water heater.(Brief...