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Selected Estrogen Compounds Modify Risks Of Vein Clotting.(Brief Article)
2001 NOV 15 - (NewsRx.com & NewsRx.net) -- Hormone replacement therapy is prescribed in women for a number of reasons, including those undergoing menopause, partial or full hysterectomy, or experiencing amenorrhea.
After menopause, conjugated estrogens, estradiol, or estrone sulfate are given to reduce pain during intercourse, limit blood vessel effects, and prevent loss of bone mass. After radical hysterectomy, conjugated estrogens are given for similar reasons. After menopause or partial hysterectomy, progestin is administered at the same time to offset an increased risk of endometrial cancer.
In some amenorrheas, estrogen is given to restore menstrual cycle, and if therapy is unsuccessful, this may indicate the presence of pathology, for instance, pituitary tumor. Benefits for postmenopausal women include a lowered risk of heart attack (estrogen lowers LDL and raises HDL levels), and prevention of osteoporosis, since the rate of bone loss is directly linked to a drop in estrogen levels.
Despite the obvious benefits of this treatment, there is controversy regarding its application. Clinical trials indicate that the risk of venous thromboembolism (clotting of the veins) is about two to three times higher among current users of oral hormone replacement therapy containing estradiol, conjugated equine estrogen, and selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs) than among women who are not using hormone replacement therapy. (Conjugated equine estrogen (Premarin) contains 50-65% estrone sodium sulfate and 20-35% sodium equilin sulfate. Raloxifene is a synthetic estrogenic compound approved for clinical use in humans for prevention of osteoporosis)
Many factors contribute to venous thrombosis including changes in the veins themselves, decreases in blood flow and increases in coagulation of the blood. Estrogen replacement drugs are known to alter coagulation but little is known about affects on veins.
Veins are composed on a cell lining called endothelium and smooth muscle, which contracts and relaxes resulting in changes in diameter of the veins. These changes in diameter are regulated by chemicals released from the endothelium and the direct action of other ...
- Hormone replacement therapy findings leave many women confused.(Health &...
- Newspaper article from: Daily Herald (Arlington Heights, IL) April 22, 2002 700+ words
...all the reasons why hormone replacement therapy, or HRT...10 percent. The hormone replacement regimen also increased risk of clots in veins and lungs. Other studies have linked hormone replacement therapy to a slightly...
- HRT Raises Thromboembolism Rates in High-Risk Patients.(hormone replacement...
- Magazine article from: Family Practice News CHENG, GUANG-SHING February 1, 2000 700+ words
...thromboembolism in women taking hormone replacement therapy (HRT), Dr...excess risk of deep-vein thrombosis and pulmonary...a history of deep-vein thrombosis or pulmonary...placebo daily. The hormone replacement formulation is similar...
- Should postmenopausal women who are taking HRT continue for life?(hormone...
- Magazine article from: Family Practice News July 1, 2000 700+ words
...women to stop using hormone replacement therapy. Sure...is possible that hormone replacement confers some protective...embolism or deep vein thrombosis, she...a woman has begun hormone replacement therapy, she should...
- The ups and downs of hormone replacement therapy.
- Newspaper article from: Nutrition Health Review March 22, 2004 700+ words
...have been treated with hormone replacement therapy (HRT). HRT...blood clots in the veins. Women who have had phlebitis (vein inflammation) from either veins that are close to the skin or in the deep leg veins are not at an increased...
- The hormone conundrum.(study finds hormone replacement therapy has adverse...
- Magazine article from: U.S. News & World Report Spake, Amanda July 22, 2002 700+ words
...of other 50-something women debated with herself about hormone replacement therapy. It was the early '90s, and at the time many doctors...attacks 29 percent, and blood clots in the lungs and deep veins 100 percent. The small bit of good news: Those on the HRT...
- Healthcheck: Hormone replacement therapy.(Features)
- Newspaper article from: Sunday Mail (Glasgow, Scotland) December 29, 2002 700+ words
...endometrial cancer, as dormant traces of the disease could theoretically be stimulated by HRT. Have unusual vaginal bleeding that hasn't been investigated. Have had a stroke or deep-vein thrombosis Have angina or have had a heart attack.
- 15C Menopause & HRT.(hormone replacement therapy)(Drug overview)
- MPR Monthly Prescribing Reference April 1, 2006 700+ words
...interpreted to suggest increased risks of myocardial infarction, stroke, invasive breast cancer, pulmonary emboli, and deep vein thrombosis in postmenopausal women during 5 years of treatment with conjugated equine estrogens + medroxyprogesterone acetate...
- 15C Menopause & HRT.(Hormone Replacement Therapy)(Drug overview)
- MPR Monthly Prescribing Reference March 1, 2006 700+ words
...interpreted to suggest increased risks of myocardial infarction, stroke, invasive breast cancer, pulmonary emboli, and deep vein thrombosis in postmenopausal women during 5 years of treatment with conjugated equine estrogens + medroxyprogesterone acetate...