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2001 AUG 9 - (NewsRx Network) -- Women are nearly three times more likely to injure their anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) during ovulation than during other times of their menstrual cycle; however, oral contraceptives may provide protection.
The study, conducted by Edward M. Wojtys, MD, and research colleagues from the University of Michigan in Ann Arbor, Michigan, was released at the 27th annual meeting of the American Orthopaedic Society for Sports Medicine (AOSSM) in Keystone, Colorado, June 28-July 1, 2001.
The researchers studied 65 women with acute ACL injury to evaluate menstrual cycle phase at the time of injury. Cycle phase was confirmed by hormone measurements obtained through urine samples collected within 24 hours of injury. This study is the first to actually document the exact phase of the menstrual cycle with hormone metabolite markers at the time of injury. Other studies have suggested an association based on cycle phase estimation.
The ACL is one of four stabilizing ligaments in the knee and can be injured by twisting the knee, trauma to the knee, hyperflexion, or hyperextension. The authors found that more than 2.5 times the expected number of ACL injuries occurred during midcycle in women who were not taking oral contraceptives than during either the follicular or luteal phase.
"This difference in ACL injury distribution cannot be explained by varying levels of activity through the monthly cycle," the researchers comment.
In a separate interview, Dr. Wojtys warned against overreacting to the findings: "We don't want this material to press the panic button. This research does not justify pulling young ladies out of sports or putting young women on oral contraceptives in order to prevent ligament injuries. ...
Source: HighBeam Research, Ovulation May Increase Risk For Knee Ligament Injury.