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2001 AUG 8 - (NewsRx.com & NewsRx.net) --
by N.R. Saltmarsh, staff medical writer - Vaccinating melanoma patients with mutant ras stimulates strong, delayed-type hypersensitivity reactions and occasionally an in vitro T-helper response, according to a report in Experimental Dermatology.
"The proteins of the ras-family of proto-oncogenes, functioning as relay switches for signaling pathways between cell surface and nucleus, are involved in cell proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, and transformation," explained R.E. Hunger and colleagues at the University of Bern, Switzerland. "If over-expressed or mutated they can induce and/or maintain a transformed state of a cell."
Melanoma development on sun-exposed sites, for example, appears to be associated with codon 61 mutations of N-ras, noted Hunger and associates.
To evaluate the immune response toward mutated N-ras proteins in melanoma patients, the researchers vaccinated 10 patients six times using N-ras peptides with four codon 61 mutations and GM-CSF as adjuvant. Eight patients had strong delayed-type hypersensitivity reactions and two had an in vitro response to the vaccine, they reported ("Successful induction of immune responses against mutant ras in melanoma patients using intradermal injection of peptides and GM-CSF as adjuvant," ...