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Smoking Increases Risk For Women With Family History Of Cancer.(smoking increases breast cancer risk)
2001 JUN 7 -- (NewsRx Network) -- Smoking cigarettes significantly increases the risk of breast cancer for women with three or more relatives who have had breast or ovarian cancer, according to a new Mayo Clinic study published in the journal Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers and Prevention.
"This study suggests to us that smoking contributes to breast cancer in this population," says Fergus Couch, PhD, Mayo Clinic molecular geneticist and lead author of the study. "This adds to the evidence that smoking is bad for you. Women with significant family history of breast and ovarian cancer might want to consider avoiding smoking."
The study found that sisters and daughters of the participants who smoked were 2.4 times more likely to develop breast cancer compared to those who had never smoked. The risk was considerably higher yet, a 5.8-fold increased risk, for the 35 very high-risk families in which five or more cases of breast or ovarian cancer had occurred.
"This would make cigarette smoking one of the more significant risk factors for breast cancer in high risk families," says Couch. "The most significant risk factor is a family history of the disease."
The study findings are in apparent contrast to a 1998 study published in Journal of the National Cancer Institute (vol. 90) by Stephen Narod, MD, and colleagues from the University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada. The Toronto study found that for women who were carriers of the BRCA1 and 2 gene mutations that predispose to breast cancer, cigarette smoking lowered the risk of developing the disease.
"Women with a high risk of breast cancer should not expect smoking to lower their risk," says Thomas Sellers, PhD, Mayo Clinic cancer epidemiologist and senior author of the new Mayo study.
The Mayo Clinic study includes a broader spectrum of women at high risk for breast cancer than the University of Toronto study, as it considers all women with three or more relatives with breast or ovarian cancer, not just BRCA1 and 2 gene mutation carriers. The authors consider this an advantage of the new study.
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