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Longer Reproductive Period Does Not Appear To Reduce Risk Of Dementia In Older Women.
2001 APR 5 - (NewsRx.com & NewsRx.net) -- A longer reproductive period, thought to be related to a longer exposure to estrogen produced within a woman's body, does not appear to reduce a woman's risk of dementia and Alzheimer's disease, according to an article in the March 21, 2001, issue of the Journal of the American Medical Association.
Mirjam I. Geerlings, PhD, of Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands, and Lenore J. Launer, PhD, of the U.S. National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, and colleagues studied postmenopausal women to determine whether a longer reproductive period (the time between the onset of menstruation and menopause), as an indicator of longer exposure to endogenous (within the body) estrogens, is associated with lower risk of dementia and Alzheimer's disease (AD) in women who have natural menopause. In addition to their paper in JAMA, Dr. Launer presented the findings on March 20, 2001, at a JAMA media briefing on women's health.
"Our findings do not support the hypothesis that a longer reproductive period reduces risk of dementia in women who have natural menopause," stated Geerlings et al.
They explained that decreasing estrogen levels have been hypothesized to be associated with increased risk of dementia. Although a number of studies have found an association of exogenous estrogen (estrogen replacement therapy) with reduced risk of dementia and cognitive functions, others have not found a relationship, and some have even suggested that estrogen may have negative effects. To date, no studies have determined whether long-term exposure to endogenous estrogen is related to risk of dementia and AD.
The authors followed 3,601 women aged 55 and older who did not have dementia when they enrolled in the Rotterdam Study in 1990-1993, and who had information on the age of their first menstruation, age at menopause, and type of menopause. The women were designated into four groups, based on the length of their reproductive period: less than 34 years, 34-36 years, 37-39 years, or more than 39 years. DNA testing determined if women carried the apolipoprotein E (APOE) genotype, which is associated with late-onset AD cases and is considered a risk factor for the disease.
Study participants were re-examined in 1993-1994 and 1997-1999, and were continuously monitored for development of dementia. During a median follow-up of 6.3 years, 199 women developed dementia, including 159 who developed AD.
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