Clinical: The Basics - Carpal tunnel syndrome.(Disease/Disorder overview)

CTS is one of the most common conditions affecting the nerves of the hand.

Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is caused by high pressure within the carpal tunnel which results in ischaemia of the median nerve. The resulting impaired nerve conduction causes paraesthesia and pain.

Untreated CTS can lead to permanent nerve damage.

Approximately 3-5 per cent of people have CTS. The incidence is highest in those aged between 45 and 64 years, and in this group women are three times more likely to be affected.

The cause of CTS is unknown in most cases. Occupational activities may contribute, particularly where the wrist is held in an exaggerated position for a prolonged period of time or where there is repetitive movement or vibration.

Certain risk factors exist, and can be thought of as secondary causes for CTS. The most common are rheumatoid arthritis and pregnancy. Certain individuals may be genetically predisposed to this condition.

1. Signs and symptoms

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