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In 1539 members of Hernando DeSoto's expedition witnessed extensive flooding along the lower Mississippi River. This was the first of many floods to be recorded by Europeans, who also took note of how the indigenous inhabitants coped with such flooding. The Indians, they wrote, "built their houses on the high land, and where there is none, they raise mounds by hand and here they take refuge from the great flood." As Europeans settled - and cleared - the Mississippi River basin, it is unfortunate that they did not follow the example set by the Indians. Indeed, each time the Mississippi River flowed out of its banks onto its flood plain, the lesson had to be relearned: the ...