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Stimulatory effect of Crocus sativus (saffron) on [[beta].sub.2]-adrenoceptors of guinea pig tracheal chains.(Clinical report)
Abstract
To study the mechanism(s) of the relaxant effects of Crocus sativus (Iridaceae), the stimulatory effect of aqueous-ethanolic extracts of this plant and one of its constituent, safranal was examined on [beta]-adrenoceptors in tracheal chains of guinea pigs.
The [[beta].sub.2]-adrenergic stimulatory was tested by performing the cumulative concentration-response curves of isoprenaline-induced relaxation of pre-contracted isolated guinea pig tracheal chains. The studied solutions were included two concentrations of aqueous-ethanolic extract from Crocus sativus (0.1 and 0.2 g%), safranal (1.25 and 2.5 [micro]g), 10nm propranolol, and saline. The study was done in two different conditions including: non-incubated (group 1, n = 9) and incubated tissues with 1 [micro]M chlorpheniramine (group 2, n = 6).
The results showed clear leftward shifts in isoprenaline curves obtained in the presence of only higher concentration of the extract in group land its both concentrations in group 2 compared with that of saline. The E[C.sub.50] (the effective concentration of isoprenaline, causing 50% of maximum response) obtained in the presence of both concentrations of the extract (0.17 [+ or -] 0.06 and 0.12 [+ or -] 0.02) and safranal (0.22 [+ or -] 0.05 and 0.22 [+ or -] 0.05) in group 1 and only in the presence of two concentrations of the extract (1.16 [+ or -] 0.31 and 0.68 [+ or -] 0.21) in group 2 was significantly lower compared to saline (1.00 [+ or -] 0.22 and 4.06 [+ or -] 1.04 for groups 1 and 2, respectively) (p
The results indicated a relatively potent stimulatory effect of the extract from Crocus sativus on [[beta].sub.2]-adrenoceptors which is partially due to its constituent, safranal. A possible inhibitory effect of the plant on histamine ([H.sub.1]) receptors was also suggested.
[C] 2008 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved.
Keywords: Crocus sativus: Iridaceae; Stimulatory effect; [[beta].sub.2]-Adrenoceptors; Guinea pig; Trachea
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