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The Myeloid-Lymphoid Leukemia (MLL) gene fuses to greater than 50 different loci as the result of reciprocal translocations associated with several subtypes of human acute leukemia. In every case, the fusion point in MLL is within the same 8.3 kilobase pair (kbp) region, called the MLL breakpoint cluster region (bcr). A number of studies indicate the MLL bcr is susceptible to DNA cleaving agents, such as topoisomerase II (topo II) and DNase I, but there have been no reports of direct binding of such proteins in this region. In fact, despite the conserved nature of the breakpoint region, no definitive translocation mechanism has been described. A major goal in understanding MLL rearrangement is the identification of proteins that recognize specific DNA sequence or chromatin structure in the MLL bcr. Therefore, the objective of this study is to determine the general protein binding characteristics of the MLL bcr. We have used an electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) to analyze protein binding within specific regions of the MLL bcr. Protein binding was noted in the extreme boundaries of this region, but not in an internal region previously described as both a topo II cleavage site and a DNase I hypersensitive site. The limited mobility observed with the protein-DNA complexes indicates large proteins or protein complexes ...