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International countertrade: has purchasing's role really changed?
Countertrade, the exchange of goods for goods to fully or partially offset the terms of a sales transaction, is a practice as old as humankind itself. Its most basic form, barter, preceded the payment for goods and services with money (or any other medium of exchange) and allowed trade to flourish in the early civilizations. In more recent years, countertrade has been a primary concern of marketing personnel in Western firms that have sought to expand sales into nontraditional markets where hard currency has been scarce and financial creditworthiness shaky.
Countertrade is an important marketing tool because it enables firms to overcome trade barriers, obstacles of ...
- Countertrade.(international trade)
- Magazine article from: Business Credit West, Dan April 1, 2001 700+ words
...probably have to help by using countertrade. It is always interesting to...transaction. Most of the time, the purchasing company has the power to award...hard currency through the use of countertrade. A case in point, a foreign...
- Military barter. (countertrade proposals on big arms sales)
- Magazine article from: The Economist (US) July 16, 1988 700+ words
...big arms sale these IN days has a countertrade clause. This obliges the foreign contractor to provide the purchasing country with economic benefits...communications system should include a countertrade proposal. The $1.3 billion deal...
- Countertrade.(part two in series)
- Magazine article from: Business Credit West, Dan September 1, 2001 700+ words
...effective companies in countertrade have a central person to direct the countertrade symphony so that everything...job is like that of a purchasing agent, getting security...How to Organize for Countertrade There is really no single...
- Countertrade and you. (Federal Triangle).
- Magazine article from: Industrial Heating Ashby, R. Barry February 1, 2003 700+ words
...official policy requiring countertrade in foreign transactions...managed and half of this is countertrade, there is an unsatisfied...through subcontracting and purchasing and only 10% via technology...Understandable reasons exist for countertrade. First, it is a means to...
- Countertrade. (International Affairs Section).
- Magazine article from: Business Credit West, Dan April 1, 2002 700+ words
...September 2001 issue of Business Credit.) Countertrade continues to grow and become integrated...companies conduct international business. Countertrade is a useful tool in the competitive...exposure in developing countries. What is countertrade? Countertrade is listening to the...
- Countertrade and offset programs are subject of Washington seminar.
- Press release article from: PR Newswire August 25, 1987 700+ words
COUNTERTRADE AND OFFSET PROGRAMS ARE SUBJECT OF...PRNewswire/ -- With the growing use of countertrade and offset, the rules of international...fall: "How U.S. Industry Performs Countertrade and Offset: Opportunities and Developments...
- Policy response to countertrade and the U.S. trade deficit: an appraisal.
- Magazine article from: Business Economics Park, Jong H. April 1, 1990 700+ words
...consistent policy stance on international countertrade, when addressing the problem of the...U. S. government attitudes toward countertrade and examines the potential contribution...competitiveness should not be eschewed. Countertrade is an area that deserves serious examination...
- New driving force to promote countertrade.
- Press release article from: M2 Presswire October 30, 2001 700+ words
...Government: New driving force to promote countertrade (C)1994-2001 M2 COMMUNICATIONS...developing countries through the use of Countertrade. Many developing countries find it...equipment due to lack of foreign exchange. Countertrade covers a wide range of trading mechanisms...
