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Smoking linked to postmenopausal disease in women with high estrogen levels.
2004 DEC 2 - (NewsRx.com & NewsRx.net) -- Researchers in Sweden "investigated the association between smoking and risk of postmenopausal breast cancer in groups defined by high levels of estrogens, a factor known to enhance tumor progression."
According to their study, "Two prospective cohorts of Swedish women provided 260 postmenopausal breast cancer cases and 514 controls. Blood samples were collected at baseline, and anthropometry, lifestyle factors, and reproductive history had been assessed.
"Subjects were classified into quartiles with regard to the level of estrone, and into three categories with regard to estradiol. All analyses of the relation between smoking and breast cancer were repeated in different categories of these hormones. Logistic regression analysis, adjusted for matching factors, i.e., age at baseline, storage time, and sub-cohort, yielded odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI)," the researchers said.
They found that "ever-smoking was associated with breast cancer in the top category of estrone, 2.02 (1.17-3.49). The highest risk was seen among ex-smokers, 2.96 (1.53-5.75). The pattern was similar for estradiol."
"Recent smoking cessation was associated with a high OR in top categories of estrone [4.38 (1.27-15.2)] and estradiol [10.0 (1.14-88.7)]. Smoking initiation before the age of 20 was associated with breast ...
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