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Diagnosis and management of galactorrhea reviewed.
2004 NOV 4 - (NewsRx.com & NewsRx.net) -- Galactorrhea is the persistent discharge of milk or milk-like fluid from the breasts not associated with breastfeeding. A recent article in American Family Physician reviewed diagnosis and management of the condition.
A.K.C. Leung and D. Pacaud explained, "After infancy, galactorrhea usually is medication-induced. The most common pathologic cause of galactorrhea is a pituitary tumor. Other causes include hypothalamic and pituitary stalk lesions, neurogenic stimulation, thyroid disorders, and chronic renal failure. Patients with the latter conditions may have irregular menses, infertility, and osteopenia or osteoporosis if they have associated hyperprolactinemia.
"Tests for pregnancy, serum prolactin level, and serum thyroid-stimulating hormone level, and magnetic resonance imaging are important diagnostic tools that should be employed when clinically indicated," the physicians said.
In terms of management, Leung and Pacaud stated, "The underlying cause of galactorrhea should be treated when possible. The decision to treat patients with galactorrhea is based on the serum prolactin level, the severity of galactorrhea, and the patient's fertility desires.
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