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Apr. 6--Banks in Thailand are vulnerable to bulk cash smuggling and trade-linked laundering, two methods that can be used for both money laundering and terrorist financing.
Cross-border bulk cash smuggling can be in either currency or alternative monetary mediums such as bearer instruments, travellers' cheques, or "pay to the order of" instruments. Underground banking, also known as hawala, is a popular method for moving funds in foreign countries with weaker anti-money-laundering systems. It's important to note that bulk cash smuggling isn't necessarily a complicated process. It could be as easy as packing a bag with cash and personal belongings and checking it in on a flight or, better still, on a ship. For example, Thailand has no restrictions on foreign currency movements in or out of airports and ports, making it difficult for ...