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Objectives: To evaluate the effectiveness of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and thyroxine (T4) measurements at neonatal screening for congenital hypothyroidism, we compared our false-negative results with those we would have obtained if we had used TSH screening alone.
Subjects and methods: Between January 1989 and December 2001 745,258 newborns were screened (98.3% of total born) for congenital hypothyroidism in northeast Italy. T4 and TSH were measured simultaneously on blood spots collected after birth. Between 1989 and 1998, semiquantitative total T4 (tT4) and TSH concentrations were measured by radiolabelled immunological assay and, from 1999 to 2001, ...