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James Q. Wilson and Karlyn Bowman, "Defining the 'Peace Party,'" The Public Interest, Fall 2003 (thepublicinterest.com)
Before U.S. troops even entered Iraq, about 80 percent of Americans either supported or lacked a strong opinion about the Bush administration's efforts to end Saddam Hussein's regime. The remaining fifth of the population constituted what James Q. Wilson and TAE Opinion Pulse editor Karlyn Bowman call "the peace party": the strongly anti-war faction in the United States. The two find that "the peace party cannot be explained by age, income, or education." Instead, it consists of a variety of diverse groups who oppose the war for varying reasons. The major ones are:
* Core Democratic voters: An increasingly strident Democratic Party base dislikes nearly anything associated with Republican policies, wars included.
* African Americans: While blacks have typically supported American military actions in the past (about 60 percent supported the first Gulf War), over 70 percent oppose American engagement in Iraq. While no single reason stands out, Wilson ...