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2003 DEC 4 - (NewsRx.com & NewsRx.net) -- New research in cats suggests that the cause of some cases of interstitial cystitis (IC), a chronic and incurable inflammatory bladder disease that affects at least 700,000 women in the United States alone, may lie within the adrenal glands.
In a new study, researchers compared the adrenal glands of house cats with feline IC to the adrenal glands of healthy cats and found that the adrenals in the diseased cats were much smaller - nearly half the size of those in the healthy cats.
"Reduction in adrenal size has also been seen in people with chronic fatigue syndrome, which can occur in conjunction with IC," said Tony Buffington, lead author of the study and a professor of veterinary clinical sciences at Ohio State University. "We don't know why the adrenals were smaller in the cats with IC, but we think that the cats were born with smaller-than-average glands.
The adrenal glands, which sit on top of the kidneys, are responsible for a number of bodily functions, including hormone production and regulation of heart rate and blood pressure. IC affects cats and humans in a similar manner, and urologists believe that the feline urinary tract is one of the best animal models for the human urinary tract.
The researchers also found that, compared to healthy cats, the adrenal glands of the diseased cats produced lower levels of the stress hormone cortisol after the cats were injected with the stress-inducing compound adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH). This suggests that the adrenal glands in the cats with IC may not provide an adequate hormonal response during stressful situations.
In humans, symptoms of IC include chronic pelvic pain, inflammation of the bladder, and increased urination frequency and urgency. Cats with the disease also have noticeable urinary problems; they strain when trying to urinate and also try to go frequently, often outside the litter box.
The study appears in the December 2003 issue of the Journal of Urology.
Source: HighBeam Research, Researchers pinpoint possible cause of chronic bladder disease.